Comparison of cross-platform instant messaging clients
![]() | This article possibly contains original research. (December 2020) |
The landscape for instant messaging involves cross-platform instant messaging clients that can handle one or multiple protocols.[1] Clients that use the same protocol can typically federate and talk to one another. The following table compares general and technical information for cross-platform instant messaging clients in active development, each of which have their own article that provide further information.
General
[edit]Client | Developer | Initial release | Platform | Latest release | License (client) | License (server) | Monthly active users | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Version | Date | |||||||
BlackBerryMessenger Enterprise | Blackberry | June 2014[2] | iOS, Android | Proprietary freeware | Proprietary | |||
Beeper |
|
May 10, 2021 |
|
Apache-2.0 | Apache-2.0 | |||
Briar | May 9, 2018[2] | Android | 1.5.9[3] ![]() |
2024-01-16 | GPL-3.0-or-later | Not applicable (peer-to-peer over Bluetooth, WiFi, or Tor network) |
||
Conversations | Daniel Gulsche | March 24, 2014 | Android | 2.16.5[4] ![]() |
2024-07-02 | GPL-3.0-only | XMPP protocol | |
Discord | Discord Inc. | March 6, 2015[5] | Android | 159.10[6] ![]() |
2023-01-04 | Proprietary freeware | Proprietary | 150 million (2021)[7] |
iOS | 159.0[8] ![]() |
2023-01-06 | ||||||
Linux | 0.0.22[9] ![]() |
2022-12-10 | ||||||
macOS | 0.0.270[10] ![]() |
2022-12-12 | ||||||
Windows | 1.0.9034 ![]() |
2024-02-28 | ||||||
Element | New Vector Limited | July 2016 | Android | 1.6.6[11] ![]() |
2023-10-05 | Apache-2.0 | Matrix protocol | 43 million (2021)[12] |
iOS | 1.11.4[13] ![]() |
2023-10-04 | ||||||
Linux | 1.11.47[14] ![]() |
2023-10-24 | ||||||
macOS | 1.11.47[14] ![]() |
2023-10-24 | ||||||
Windows | 1.11.47[14] ![]() |
2023-10-24 | ||||||
Web | 1.11.47[15] ![]() |
2023-10-24 | ||||||
Fractal | March 16, 2018 | Linux desktops and mobile OSs | GPLv3 | Matrix protocol | ||||
Gadu-Gadu | Łukasz Foltyn, GG Network S.A. | August 15, 2000 | Proprietary freeware | Proprietary | ||||
Gajim | Yann Le Boulanger | May 21, 2004 | BSD | 1.9.3[16] ![]() |
2024-07-29 | GPL-3.0-only | XMPP protocol | |
Linux | ||||||||
macOS | ||||||||
Windows | ||||||||
Google Chat (formerly Google Hangouts) | May 15, 2013 March 9, 2017 (as Google Chat) |
(as Google Hangouts) Android | Proprietary freeware | Proprietary | 1 billion (2021) 500 million active (2020) | |||
iOS | ||||||||
Web | ||||||||
Google Messages (RCS) | 2018 | Android | Proprietary freeware | Proprietary | 1 billion (2021) 500 million active (2020) | |||
Web | ||||||||
Wear OS | ||||||||
ICQ | Mail.Ru | November 1996 | Proprietary adware freemium | Proprietary | 11 million (2018)[17] | |||
Jami | Savoir-faire Linux | Android | GPL-3.0-or-later | Not applicable (peer-to-peer) |
||||
iOS | ||||||||
Linux | ||||||||
macOS | ||||||||
Windows | ||||||||
Jitsi | Emil Ivov | 2003 | Desktop | 2.10[18][19] ![]() |
2017-10-01 | Apache-2.0 | Apache-2.0 | 20 million (2020)[20] |
KakaoTalk | Kakao Corp. | March 18, 2010 | Proprietary freeware | Proprietary | 47 million (2021)[21] | |||
Kik Messenger | Medialab | October 2010 | Android | 15.50.1.27996[22] ![]() |
2023-03-17 | Proprietary adware freemium | Proprietary | 15 million (2017)[23] |
iOS | 16.8.3[24] ![]() |
2023-02-25 | ||||||
Line | LY Corporation | March 2012 | Android | 13.0.1[25] ![]() |
2023-01-17 | Proprietary freemium | Proprietary | 169 million (2020)[26] |
iOS | 13.4.0[27] ![]() |
2023-03-30 | ||||||
Chrome | 2.5.11[28] ![]() |
2023-02-21 | ||||||
macOS | 7.16.1[29] ![]() |
2023-03-17 | ||||||
Windows | 7.14.1.2907[30] ![]() |
2023-03-23 | ||||||
Linphone | Belledonne Communications | 2001 | Android | 4.5.6[31] ![]() |
2021-11-08 | GPL-3.0-or-later or proprietary | SIP protocol, could connect to any SIP provider/server, including Linphone's service | only for SIP linphone service : over 700,000 in 2024[32] |
iOS | 4.5.1[33] ![]() |
2021-10-08 | ||||||
Linux | 5.2.4[34] ![]() |
|||||||
macOS | 5.2.4[34] ![]() |
|||||||
Windows | 5.2.4[34] ![]() |
|||||||
BSD | ||||||||
Mattermost | Mattermost Inc | 2015 | Android | Apache-2.0 | MIT license binary, AGPLv3 for source code, Apache-2.0 for admin tools and config files | |||
iOS | ||||||||
Linux | 5.2.2[35] ![]() |
2022-12-06 | ||||||
macOS | 5.2.2[35] ![]() |
2022-12-06 | ||||||
Windows | 5.2.2[35] ![]() |
2022-12-06 | ||||||
Messenger | Meta Platforms | August 9, 2011 | Android | 431.1.0.35.116[36] ![]() |
2023-10-24 | Proprietary freeware | Proprietary | 988 million (2022)[37] |
iOS | 390.0[38] ![]() |
2022-12-14 | ||||||
macOS | 169.0[39] ![]() |
2022-11-17 | ||||||
Windows | 1180.4.112.0 ![]() |
2021-08-18 | ||||||
Movim | Timothée Jaussoin | March 3, 2011 | Any, Progressive web application | 0.27.1[40] ![]() |
2024-08-22 | AGPL-3.0-or-later | XMPP protocol | |
Mumble[41] | September 22, 2005 | Linux, Microsoft Windows, macOS, Android, iOS | 1.4.287 | 2022-09-14 | 3-clause BSD | Open source | ||
Palringo | Palringo Ltd | 2006 | Android | 10.14[42] ![]() |
2021-11-29 | Proprietary freemium | Proprietary | |
iOS | 10.13.1[43] ![]() |
2021-10-19 | ||||||
Paltalk | AVM Software, Inc | June 1998 | Proprietary freeware | Proprietary | 5.5 million (2013)[44] | |||
Pidgin | Mark Spencer | November 1998 | BSD | 2.14.13[45] ![]() |
2024-02-23 | GPL-2.0-or-later | Umpteen, both open protocols and interfaces with proprietary messengers | |
Linux | ||||||||
macOS | ||||||||
Windows | ||||||||
Psi | Psi and Psi+ developers | 2001 | Linux | 1.5[46] ![]() |
2020-09-06 | GPL-2.0-or-later | XMPP protocol | |
macOS | ||||||||
Windows | ||||||||
Tencent Holdings | February 10, 1999 | Android | 9.0.90[47] ![]() |
2024-08-21 | Proprietary adware | Proprietary | 597 million (2023)[48] | |
iOS, iPadOS, watchOS | 9.0.90[49] ![]() |
2024-08-22 | ||||||
Windows | 9.9.15[50] ![]() |
2024-08-19 | ||||||
macOS | 6.9.53[51] ![]() |
2024-08-19 | ||||||
Linux | 3.2.12[52] ![]() |
2024-08-19 | ||||||
RetroShare | Cyril Soler, Gioacchino Mazzurco | 2006 | 0.6.6[53] ![]() |
2021-03-13 | GPL | Not applicable (peer-to-peer) |
||
Ricochet | Invisible.im | June 2014 | FreeBSD | 1.1.4[54][55] ![]() |
2016-11-07 | BSD-3-Clause | Not applicable (peer-to-peer over the Tor network) |
|
Linux | ||||||||
macOS | ||||||||
Windows | ||||||||
Signal | Signal Foundation | July 2014 | Android | 7.8.1[56] ![]() |
2024-05-16 | GPL-3.0-only | AGPL-3.0-only | 40 million (2021)[57] |
iOS | 7.11[58] ![]() |
2024-05-18 | GPL-3.0-only | |||||
Desktop | 7.9.0[59] ![]() |
2024-05-15 | AGPL-3.0-only | |||||
Skype | Skype Technologies, a subsidiary of Microsoft Corporation | 2003 | Proprietary adware freemium | Proprietary | 200 million (2020)[60] | |||
Slack | Slack Technologies | August 2013 | Proprietary freemium | Proprietary | 12 million (2019)[61] | |||
Snapchat | Snap Inc. | November 2011 | Android | 12.27.0.8[62] ![]() |
2023-03-29 | Proprietary freeware | Proprietary | 557 million (2022)[37] |
iOS | 12.27.0.37[63] ![]() |
2023-03-28 | ||||||
Surespot | Surespot LLC | 2013 | Android | 81[64] ![]() |
2019-04-27 | GPL-3.0-or-later + freemium | Defunct | |
iOS | 21[65] ![]() |
2018-11-14 | ||||||
TeamNote | TeamNote Limited | 2012 | Subscription | Proprietary | ||||
Telegram | Telegram Messenger LLP | 2013 | Android | 10.14.5[66] ![]() |
2024-07-10 | GPL-2.0-or-later | Proprietary | 700 million (2022)[67]900 million (2024)[68] |
iOS, iPadOS | 10.14.1[69] ![]() |
2024-06-30 | GPL-2.0-or-later | |||||
Desktop | 5.2.3[70] ![]() |
2024-07-07 | GPL-3.0-or-later | |||||
macOS | 10.15.2[71] ![]() |
2024-07-05 | GPL-2.0-or-later | |||||
Threema | Threema GmbH | December 2012 | Android | 5.4.1[72] ![]() |
2024-07-24 | AGPL-3.0-only | Proprietary | 10 million (2021)[73] |
iOS | 4.6.17[74] ![]() |
2022-03-14 | ||||||
Web | AGPL-3.0-or-later | |||||||
Trillian | Cerulean Studios | July 1, 2000 | Android | 6.6.0.13[75] ![]() |
2023-07-25 | Proprietary adware freemium | Proprietary | |
iOS | 6.6.12[76] ![]() |
2023-06-05 | ||||||
Linux | 6.3.0.1[77] ![]() |
2020-05-27 | ||||||
macOS | 6.5 Build 43[78] ![]() |
2023-09-08 | ||||||
Windows | 6.5 Build 31[79] ![]() |
2023-08-18 | ||||||
Web | 6.5 Build 12[80] ![]() |
2023-01-05 | ||||||
Viber | Rakuten Viber | December 2, 2010 | Android | 20.4.3.0[81] ![]() |
2023-07-02 | Proprietary freemium | Proprietary | 260 million (2019)[82] |
iOS | 20.4.0[83] ![]() |
2023-07-04 | ||||||
Linux | 20.3.0.1[84] ![]() |
2023-06-14 | ||||||
macOS | 20.2.0[85] ![]() |
2023-06-12 | ||||||
Windows | 20.4.0.0[86] ![]() |
2023-06-30 | ||||||
Tencent Holdings Limited | January 21, 2011 | Proprietary freeware | Proprietary | 1.263 billion (2022)[37] | ||||
Meta Platforms | January 2009 | Android | 2.24.16.77[87] ![]() |
2024-08-13 | Proprietary freeware | Proprietary | 2 billion (2020),[88] confirmed in 2024[89] | |
iOS | 24.16.78[90] ![]() |
2024-08-13 | ||||||
macOS | 24.16.78[91] ![]() |
2024-08-13 | ||||||
Windows | 2.2429.10.0[92] ![]() |
2024-07-29 | ||||||
Wire | Wire Swiss GmbH | December 3, 2014 | Android | 4.3.5[93] ![]() |
2023-09-27 | GPL-3.0-or-later | AGPL-3.0-or-later | |
iOS | 3.110.1[94] ![]() |
2023-08-08 | ||||||
Linux | 3.31.3060[95] ![]() |
2023-05-16 | ||||||
macOS | 3.31.4556[96] ![]() |
2023-05-16 | ||||||
Windows | 3.31.4421[97] ![]() |
2023-05-16 | ||||||
Web | 0.27[98] ![]() |
2023-07-13 | ||||||
Client | Developer | Initial release | Platform | Latest release | License (client) | License (server) | Monthly active users | |
Version | Date |
Operating system support
[edit]Client | Windows | macOS | Linux | Web | Android | iOS |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Beeper | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
Briar | No | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
Discord | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Element | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Fractal | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
Gadu-Gadu | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Gajim | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No |
Google Chat | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Google Messages (RCS) | No[a] | No[a] | Needs third-party client[a][99] | Yes | Included | No |
ICQ | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Jami | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Jitsi | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
KakaoTalk | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes |
Kik Messenger | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
Line | Yes | Yes | As browser extension[100] | No | Yes | Yes |
Linphone | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
Mattermost | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Messages (Apple) | No | Included | No | No | No | Included |
Messenger | Yes | Yes | Needs third-party client[a][101] | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Mumble | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
Movim | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Palringo | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
Paltalk | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes |
Pidgin | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
Psi | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
RetroShare | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No |
Ricochet | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
Session | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
Signal | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
Skype | Included | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Slack | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Snapchat | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
Surespot | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
TeamNote | No[a] | No[a] | No[a] | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Telegram | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Tencent QQ | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Threema | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Trillian | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Viber | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
Yes | Yes | Needs third-party client[a][102] | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
Yes | Yes | Needs third-party client[a][104][105][106] | Yes | Yes | iPhone devices only. App cannot be installed on iPad, iPod Touch. | |
Wire | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Client | Windows | macOS | Linux | Web | Android | iOS |
Connectivity
[edit]Client | Registration requirement | Independent of mobile phone | End-to-end encryption | Peer-to-peer text chat | Open source servers | Federated servers |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Briar | No | Yes | Yes | —(P2P) | —(P2P) | |
Discord | Email or Phone number | Yes | No | No | No | No |
Element | No | Yes | Yes[107] | No | Yes | Yes |
Fractal | No | No | Yes | Yes | ||
Gadu-Gadu | Email and Phone number | No | No | |||
Gajim | Yes | No | Yes | |||
Google Chat | Email; Google account | Yes | ||||
Google Messages (RCS) | Phone number | Similar to SMS requirements, RCS messaging requires a valid SIM card to be inserted in the device. RCS chat features may continue to work for up to 14 days, when a SIM card is removed from the device.[108] |
Yes, only for RCS chats | —[clarification needed] | Yes | |
ICQ | Phone number | Phone required for initial registration. Desktop client can function independently afterwards.[109] |
No | |||
Jami | No | No | Yes | Yes | —(P2P) | —(P2P) |
Jitsi | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | |
KakaoTalk | No | No | No | No | ||
Kik Messenger | No | No | No | No | ||
Line | Phone number | No | No | No | No | |
Linphone | No | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes |
Mattermost | No | Yes | No | |||
Messages (Apple) | Email; Apple ID account | Yes | No | —[clarification needed] | —[clarification needed] | |
Messenger | Email or Phone number; Facebook account | Yes | No | No | No | |
Movim | No | No | Yes | Yes | ||
Mumble | no | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||
Palringo | No | No | No | |||
Paltalk | No | No | ||||
Pidgin | No | Yes | With extension only | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Psi | No | |||||
RetroShare | Yes | —(P2P) | —(P2P) | |||
Ricochet | Yes | —(P2P) | —(P2P) | |||
Session | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
Signal | Phone number; iOS or Android device.[110][111] VoIP number[112] | VoIP workaround[112] | Yes | No | Yes[113] | No |
Skype | Email; Microsoft account | Yes | No | No | No | |
Slack | Yes | No | No | No | ||
Snapchat | Email or Phone number | No | No | No | No | |
Surespot | No | No | No | |||
TeamNote | ||||||
Telegram | Phone number; iOS or Android device[114] | Phone required for initial registration & login. Desktop client can function independently afterwards.[115] |
For some features: secret chats,[116] voice and video calls,[117] and voice chats in groups[117] | No | No | No |
Tencent QQ | No[118][119] | No | No | No | No | |
Threema | No | A valid phone number or email address is not required for registration & login. However, the mobile app serves as the primary device, due to the end-to-end encryption architecture.[120] |
Yes | No | No | No |
Trillian | No | Yes | No | No | Yes | |
Viber | Phone number | No | No | No | No | |
Phone number or QQ number | No | No | No | No | No | |
Phone number | No | Yes | No | No | No | |
Wire | Email or Phone number | Yes | Yes[121] | No | Yes[122] | Yes |
Client | Registration requirement | Independent of mobile phone | End-to-end encryption | Peer-to-peer text chat | Open source servers | Federated servers |
Privacy
[edit]Some messaging services that are not designed for privacy require a unique phone number for sign-up, as a form of identity verification and to prevent users from creating multiple accounts.
Some messaging services that do not solely focus on a mobile-first experience, or enforce SMS authentication, may allow email addresses to be used for sign-up instead.
Some messaging services offer greater flexibility and privacy, by allowing users to create more than one account to compartmentalize personal & work purposes, or not requiring personally identifiable information for sign-up.
To find out if the software has end-to-end encryption, see "media" table below.
Client | Share username | Hide number | Account expiration | Reset password | Password lockout | Search for contacts | Voice changer | Plugins |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Briar | by public key or in-person pairing | |||||||
Discord | •Username & Discord Tag •Phonebook contacts scanning if enabled |
No | ||||||
Element | •Username •Matrix ID |
Yes | ||||||
Fractal | •Username •Matrix ID |
|||||||
Gadu-Gadu | No | |||||||
Gajim | Yes | |||||||
Google Chat | •Email address | |||||||
Google Messages (RCS) | •Phone number | |||||||
ICQ | Yes | |||||||
Jami | Yes | No (not stored on servers) | No (not stored on servers) | No (not stored on servers)[123] | by random identifier or email-like address | No | Yes | |
Jitsi | by shared 4-random-words URL | Yes | ||||||
KakaoTalk | ||||||||
Kik Messenger | •Username •Phonebook contacts scanning if enabled |
|||||||
Line | •Username •Phone number •Phonebook contacts scanning if enabled (sending friend requests are required) |
Yes | ||||||
Linphone | ||||||||
Mattermost | Yes | |||||||
Messages (Apple) | •Email address •Phone number |
No | ||||||
Messenger | •Facebook profile •Username URL •Phone number •Phonebook contacts scanning if enabled |
Yes | ||||||
Movim | No | |||||||
Mumble | •username | |||||||
Palringo | No | |||||||
Paltalk | No | |||||||
Pidgin | Yes | |||||||
Psi | Yes | |||||||
RetroShare | ||||||||
Ricochet | ||||||||
Signal | Yes | Default. Number is only visible if it is saved to a friend's contact | No[124] | 30 seconds after 5 fails | •Phone number (Contact list syncs automatically with phonebook contacts) |
No | ||
Skype | •Username •Email address •Phone number |
Yes | ||||||
Slack | •Name (requires joining a Slack workspace) •Email address invitation (requires Slack Connect) |
Yes | ||||||
Snapchat | •Username •Phonebook contacts scanning if enabled |
Yes | ||||||
Surespot | No | No | ||||||
TeamNote | ||||||||
Telegram | 6 months | 5 seconds after 3 fails | •Username •Phone number (Contact list syncs automatically with phonebook contacts) |
No | ||||
Tencent QQ | No | |||||||
Threema | No | |||||||
Trillian | Yes | |||||||
Viber | •Phone number (Contact list syncs automatically with phonebook contacts) |
Yes | ||||||
•Username •Phone number •Phonebook contacts scanning if enabled (sending friend requests are required) |
||||||||
No | •Phone number (Contact list syncs automatically with phonebook contacts) |
No | ||||||
Wire | No | |||||||
Client | Share username | Hide number | Account expiration | Reset password | Password lockout | Search for contacts | Voice changer | Plugins |
- 1: Apple iOS doesn't allow screenshot protection.
Screenshot security
[edit]Client | Hide number in chats | Lock screen timeout | Lock screen when closed | Lock screen button | Screenshot detection | Screenshot/recording disabled (Android only)[125] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Briar | Yes | Yes | ||||
Discord | No | |||||
Element | No | |||||
Fractal | ||||||
Gadu-Gadu | ||||||
Gajim | ||||||
Google Chat | ||||||
Google Messages (RCS) | ||||||
ICQ | ||||||
Jami | No (not stored on servers) | No | No | Yes[126] | ||
Jitsi | No | |||||
KakaoTalk | ||||||
Kik Messenger | ||||||
Line | Yes | |||||
Linphone | ||||||
Mattermost | No | |||||
Messages (Apple) | No | |||||
Messenger | No | |||||
Movim | ? | |||||
Mumble | ||||||
Palringo | ||||||
Paltalk | ||||||
Pidgin | ||||||
Psi | ||||||
RetroShare | ||||||
Ricochet | ||||||
Signal | Yes | No | Yes | Yes[127] | ||
Skype | ||||||
Slack | ||||||
Snapchat | Yes | |||||
Surespot | ||||||
TeamNote | ||||||
Telegram | Yes | Yes | No | Yes (on Secret Chats)[128] | Yes (on Secret Chats)[129] | |
Tencent QQ | ||||||
Threema | Yes | |||||
Trillian | ||||||
Viber | Yes | |||||
No | Fingerprint sensor | |||||
Wire | No | |||||
Client | Hide number in chats | Lock screen timeout | Lock screen when closed | Lock screen button | Screenshot detection | Screenshot/recording disabled (Android only)[125] |
Message handling
[edit]Client | Threads | Sent messages | Read messages | Self-destructing messages | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Threads | Collapse[130] | Ignore | Editing | Deleting | Delete for contacts | Delete notification | Receipts | Hide receipts | Exists | Deletion trigger | |
Briar | Yes[131] | No | No | Yes | No | ||||||
Discord | Yes | Yes[132] | Yes[133] | Yes | Yes | No | No | ||||
Element | Yes[134] | Yes | No | Partial | Yes | Yes | No | ||||
Fractal | |||||||||||
Gadu-Gadu | |||||||||||
Gajim | Yes | Yes | No | ||||||||
Google Chat | Yes[135] | Yes | Yes | Originally for Google Workspace accounts only; rolled out to consumer accounts in July 2023[136] | Originally for Google Workspace accounts only; rolled out to consumer accounts in July 2023 | Yes | No | ||||
Google Messages (RCS) | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | ||||
ICQ | No | No | No | Yes | |||||||
Jami | No | No | No | No | Desktop only | No | Not applicable | Yes[137] | Android only[137] | Yes | |
Jitsi | No | No | No | No | |||||||
KakaoTalk | No | No | No | ||||||||
Kik Messenger | No | No | No | ||||||||
Line | No | No | No | No | Partial | Yes | No | ||||
Linphone | No | No | No | ||||||||
Mattermost | Yes | Optional 7+[138] | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | ||||
Messages (Apple) | No | No | No | No | |||||||
Messenger | Yes[139] | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||
Movim | Yes[140] | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | |||||
Mumble | No | No | No | ||||||||
Palringo | No | No | No | ||||||||
Paltalk | No | No | No | ||||||||
Pidgin | No | No | No | Yes | |||||||
Psi | No | No | No | Yes | |||||||
RetroShare | Yes | Yes[141] | No | No | No | Yes | No | ||||
Ricochet | No | No | No | ||||||||
Signal | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Within 3 hours[142] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Read[143] |
Skype | No | No | No | ||||||||
Slack | Yes | Yes[144] | Yes[145] | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||||
Snapchat | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||
Surespot | No | No | No | No | |||||||
TeamNote | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | |||||
Telegram | No[146] | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | Read |
Tencent QQ | No | No | No | ||||||||
Threema | No[147] | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | ||||
Trillian | No | No | No | Yes | |||||||
Viber | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||
No | No | No | |||||||||
No | No | No | No | Partial | Yes | Yes | No | ||||
Wire | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes[148] | ||||
Client | Threads | Sent messages | Read messages | Self-destructing messages | |||||||
Threads | Collapse | Ignore | Editing | Deleting | Delete for contacts | Delete notification | Receipts | Hide receipts | Exists | Deletion trigger |
Media
[edit]Client | File transfer | Voice messages | Voice chat | Video chat | E2EE | Encrypted local storage | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Individual | Groups | ||||||
Briar | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Discord | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | |
Element | |||||||
Fractal | |||||||
Gadu-Gadu | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | ||
Gajim | Yes | Yes | No | No[149] | Yes | Yes | |
Google Chat | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | |
Google Messages (RCS) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
ICQ | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | |
Jami | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Jitsi | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||
KakaoTalk | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||
Kik Messenger | Yes | No | No | ||||
Line | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Partial | Yes[150] | |
Linphone | |||||||
Mattermost | Yes | Plug-in | Plug-in | Plug-in | No | No | |
Messages (Apple) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
Messenger | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | |
Movim | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | For private group | |
Mumble | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | ||
Palringo | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | |
Paltalk | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | ||
Pidgin | No | No | Partial | Yes | Yes | ||
Psi | Yes | Yes | Partial | Partial | Yes | Yes | |
RetroShare | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||
Ricochet | Yes | ||||||
Signal | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Partial[151] |
Skype | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | |
Slack | Yes | No | No | ||||
Snapchat | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | |
Surespot | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No groupchat | |
TeamNote | Yes | No | |||||
Telegram | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Secret Chats | No | No[152] |
Tencent QQ | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | |
Threema | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Trillian | Yes | Partial | Yes | Yes | No | No | |
Viber | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | ||
Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | |
Wire | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
Client | File transfer | Voice messages | Voice chat | Video chat | E2EE | Encrypted local storage | |
Individual | Groups |
Backup and restore messages
[edit]Official status to guarantee support for backing up and restoring messages.
Miscellaneous
[edit]Messaging services can operate around different models, based on security and accessibility considerations.[154]
A mobile-focused, phone number-based model operates on the concept of primary and secondary devices. Examples of such messaging services include: WhatsApp, Viber, Line, WeChat, Signal, etc. The primary device is a mobile phone and is required to login and send/receive messages. Only one mobile phone is allowed to be the primary device, as attempting to login to the messaging app on another mobile phone would trigger the previous phone to be logged out. The secondary device is a computer running a desktop operating system, which serves as a companion for the primary device. Desktop messaging clients on secondary devices do not function independently, as they are reliant on the mobile phone maintaining an active network connection for login authentication and syncing messages.
A multi-device, device-agnostic model is designed for accessibility on multiple devices, regardless of desktop or mobile. Examples of such messaging services include: Skype, Facebook Messenger, Google Hangouts (subsequently Google Chat), Telegram, ICQ, Element, Slack, Discord, etc. Users have more options as usernames or email addresses can be used as user identifiers, besides phone numbers. Unlike the phone-based model, user accounts on a multi-device model are not tied to a single device, and logins are allowed on multiple devices. Messaging services with a multi-device model are able to eliminate feature disparity and provide identical functionality on both mobile and desktop clients. Desktop clients can function independently, without relying on the mobile phone to login and sync messages.
Client | Typing notifications | Multi-device support | Emoji reactions | Stickers | GIF search | Custom emoji | Themes / skins |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Briar | No | Yes | No | ||||
Discord | Yes | Yes[155][156] | Yes | Yes (custom stickers require paid) | Yes | Paid[157] | Paid[158] |
Element | Yes[159][156] | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | |
Fractal | |||||||
Gadu-Gadu | No | ||||||
Gajim | Yes | Yes | |||||
Google Chat | Yes (an optional setting allows messages to be accessible on Gmail as well)[160][161] | Yes | Yes | No | |||
Google Messages (RCS) | On secondary web browsers only (phone required to sync messages)[162] | Only a limited set of reactions available | Yes | Yes | Partial | ||
ICQ | Yes[163] | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||
Jami | Yes[137] | Yes | Partial[164] | No | |||
Jitsi | Yes | ||||||
KakaoTalk | On secondary desktop devices only (phone required to sync messages)[165][166] | No | |||||
Kik Messenger | No[167] | Yes | Yes | ||||
Line | On secondary desktop devices only (phone required to sync messages)[168] | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | ||
Linphone | |||||||
Mattermost | No | Yes | Yes | ||||
Messages (Apple) | Yes (Apple devices)[169] | No | No | ||||
Messenger | Yes (messages are also accessible on the main Facebook website)[170] | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | |
Movim | Yes | No | No | ||||
Mumble | |||||||
Palringo | No | Yes | |||||
Paltalk | No | Yes | |||||
Pidgin | No | No | Yes | Yes | |||
Psi | Yes | Yes | |||||
RetroShare | Yes | No | |||||
Ricochet | No | ||||||
Signal | Yes | On secondary desktop devices only (phone required to sync messages; 5 linked devices)[171] | Yes | Yes | Only on Android and iOS | No | Yes |
Skype | Yes[172][156] | Yes | Yes | No | No | ||
Slack | Yes[154][156] | Yes | Yes | ||||
Snapchat | No[173] | Yes | Yes | No | No | ||
Surespot | No | Yes | |||||
TeamNote | No | ||||||
Telegram | Yes | Yes[174][156][175] | Full set of reactions only available on Telegram Premium | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Tencent QQ | On secondary desktop devices only (phone required to sync messages)[176] | No | Yes | ||||
Threema | On secondary desktop devices only (phone required to sync messages). Phone must maintain an active network connection at all times to use the desktop client.[177] |
Yes | No | Yes | |||
Trillian | Yes | Yes | |||||
Viber | On secondary desktop devices only (phone required to sync messages)[178] | Only a limited set of reactions available | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | |
On secondary desktop devices only (phone required to sync messages)[179] | No | ||||||
On secondary desktop devices only (phone required to sync messages; 4 linked devices) Phone must not be offline for ≥ 14 days; message history limited to 3 months. Unsupported on iPad, iPod Touch.[180] |
Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | ||
Wire | Yes[181] | No | No | No | |||
Client | Typing notifications | Multi-device support | Emoji reactions | Stickers | GIF search | Custom emoji | Themes / skins |
See also
[edit]- Comparison of instant messaging protocols
- Comparison of Internet Relay Chat clients
- Comparison of VoIP software
- Comparison of LAN messengers
- List of video telecommunication services and product brands
- Comparison of user features of messaging platforms
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "History of Instant Messaging". The top 6 best Instant Message client apps on any platform. 30 August 2011. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ^ a b "Secure P2P Messenger Releases First Version, Receives New Funding". Briar. 9 May 2018. Retrieved 17 May 2016.
- ^ "release-1.5.9". 16 January 2024.
- ^ "2.16.5". 2 July 2024.
- ^ Marks, Tom (May 14, 2016). "One year after its launch, Discord is the best VoIP service available". PC Gamer. Future plc. Archived from the original on May 16, 2016. Retrieved May 14, 2016.
- ^ "Discord: Talk, Chat & Hang OutAbout this app". Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "Number of monthly active users (MAU) of Discord worldwide as of September 2021". Statista. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
- ^ "What's New Jan 6, 2023 Version 159.0". Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "discord-0.0.22.tar.gz/resources/build_info.json". Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "What's new in version 0.0.270 Updated on Dec 12 2022". Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ . 5 October 2023 https://github.com/vector-im/element-android/releases/tag/v1.6.6. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - ^ "2021: It's been a busy year for Element!" (Press release). Element Blog. 23 December 2021. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
- ^ . 4 October 2023 https://github.com/vector-im/element-ios/releases/tag/v1.11.4. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - ^ a b c . 24 October 2023 https://github.com/vector-im/element-desktop/releases/tag/v1.11.47. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - ^ . 24 October 2023 https://github.com/vector-im/element-web/releases/tag/v1.11.47. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - ^ "Gajim 1.9.3". 29 July 2024.
- ^ ICQ 11 million users in the world per month, 28 November 2018
- ^ Дамян Минков (4 February 2017). "Changes version to 2.10". Retrieved 29 January 2018.
- ^ "Release 2.10". 1 October 2017. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
- ^ "'It was quite a ride' – Jitsi's Emil Ivov on scaling up the video conferencing platform during a pandemic". The Daily Swig. 4 September 2020. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
- ^ "Number of monthly active users of KakaoTalk in South Korea from 2nd quarter of 2015 to 4th quarter of 2021". Statista. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
- ^ "Kik Messenger: 15.50.1.27996 Mar 17, 2023". 17 March 2023. Retrieved 30 March 2023.
- ^ Ponciano, Jonathan. "Billion-Dollar Kik Taps $125 Million Token Offering To Energize User Base". Forbes.
- ^ "Kik Messenger: Version History: 16.8.3 Feb 25, 2023". 25 February 2023. Retrieved 30 March 2023.
- ^ https://www.apkmirror.com/apk/line-corporation/line/line-13-0-1-release/.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - ^ "Line Revenue and Usage Statistics (2022)". Business of Apps. 19 January 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
- ^ "LINE Version History 13.4.0 Mar 30, 2023". 30 March 2023. Retrieved 31 March 2023.
- ^ "LINE: Additional Information". 21 February 2023. Retrieved 31 March 2023.
- ^ "LINE: Version History 7.16.1 Mar 17, 2023". 17 March 2023. Retrieved 31 March 2023.
- ^ "LINE: Version 7.14.1.2907 Latest update Mar 23, 2023". 23 March 2023. Retrieved 31 March 2023.
- ^ "Linphone 4.5.6 on GitLab".
- ^ "Linphone Free SIP Service". subscribe.linphone.org. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
- ^ "Linphone 4.5.1 on GitLab".
- ^ a b c "Linphone 5.2.4 on GitLab". 11 April 2024. Retrieved 11 June 2024.
- ^ a b c https://github.com/mattermost/desktop/releases/tag/v5.2.2.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - ^ "Facebook Messenger 431.1.0.35.116". Retrieved 30 October 2023.
- ^ a b c "Most popular global mobile messenger apps as of January 2022, based on number of monthly active users". Statista.
- ^ "What's New Dec 14, 2022 Version 390.0". Retrieved 5 January 2023.
- ^ "Version 169.0 New! Messenger has a new look and more ways to connect with friends". Retrieved 5 January 2023.
- ^ "Release 0.27.1". 22 August 2024. Retrieved 23 August 2024.
- ^ "Screenshots.debian.net".
- ^ https://www.apkmirror.com/apk/palringo/wolf-live-audio-shows-group-chat/wolf-live-audio-shows-group-chat-10-14-release/.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - ^ https://apps.apple.com/app/id286274367.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - ^ "PalTalk: It Was "Flattering" To Be Included In The PRISM Slidedeck". TechCrunch. 17 June 2013. Retrieved 2013-08-06.
- ^ "Pidgin 2.14.13 has been released!". 23 February 2024.
- ^ "Release 1.5". 6 September 2020. Retrieved 14 September 2020.
- ^ "QQ". Tencent. Retrieved 22 August 2024.
- ^ "腾讯公布二零二三年第一季业绩" (PDF) (in Chinese). Tencent. 17 May 2023. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 May 2023. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
- ^ "QQ". App Store. Retrieved 22 August 2024.
- ^ "QQ Windows版". Tencent. Retrieved 22 August 2024.
- ^ "QQ Mac版". Tencent. Retrieved 22 August 2024.
- ^ "QQ Linux版". Tencent. Retrieved 22 August 2024.
- ^ "Release 0.6.6". 13 March 2021. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
- ^ https://github.com/ricochet-im/ricochet/releases.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - ^ "Release 1.1.4". 7 November 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2018.
- ^ "Release v7.8.1 · signalapp/Signal-Android". 16 May 2024. Retrieved 19 May 2024.
- ^ "Signal Revenue & Usage Statistics (2021)". Business of Apps. 2021-01-20. Retrieved 2021-03-29.
- ^ "Release 7.11 · signalapp/Signal-iOS". 18 May 2024. Retrieved 19 May 2024.
- ^ "Release v7.9.0 · signalapp/Signal-Desktop". 15 May 2024. Retrieved 19 May 2024.
- ^ "Microsoft's Skype struggles have created a Zoom moment". The Verge. 31 March 2020. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
- ^ "Slack Revenue and Usage Statistics (2022)". Business of Apps. 11 January 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
- ^ "Snapchat 12.27.0.8 (2 variants) March 29, 2023". 29 March 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2023.
- ^ "Snapchat Version 12.27.0.37 Mar 28, 2023". 28 March 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2023.
- ^ https://github.com/surespot/android/releases/tag/v81.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - ^ https://github.com/surespot/surespot-ios/releases/tag/v21.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - ^ "Telegram". Google Play. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
- ^ The Telegram Team (19 June 2022). "700 Million Users and Telegram Premium". Telegram. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
- ^ Faulconbridge, Guy; Kelly, Lidia (2024). "Telegram to hit one billion users within a year, founder says". Reuters.
- ^ "Telegram Messenger". App Store. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
- ^ "Releases v5.2.3". Retrieved 15 July 2024.
- ^ "Telegram for macOS". Retrieved 15 July 2024.
- ^ "Release 5.4.1". 24 July 2024. Retrieved 28 July 2024.
- ^ Threema GmbH (January 2021). "Threema's Success Story: From the Company's Founding to Today" (PDF). Threema. Retrieved 15 August 2022.
- ^ "What's New - Threema". Retrieved 14 March 2022.
- ^ "Android: Version 6.6.0.13; Updated on Jul 25, 2023". 25 July 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ "iOS: Version History 6.6.12; Jun 5, 2023". 5 June 2023. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
- ^ "Linux 6.3 Build 1 - May 27, 2020". 27 May 2020. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
- ^ "6.5 Build 43; September 8, 2023". 8 September 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ "6.5 Build 31;August 18, 2023". 18 August 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ "6.5 Build 12; January 5, 2023". 5 January 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ "Android: Viber - Safe Chats And Calls 20.4.3.0". 2 July 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
- ^ "More than a chatting platform: What makes Viber a powerful business messaging tool?". Pushwize. 26 January 2021. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
- ^ "iOS: Version History 20.4.0 Jul 4, 2023". 4 July 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
- ^ "viber.rpm". 14 June 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
- ^ "Viber for MacV 20.2.0". 12 June 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
- ^ "Windows: Latest version 20.4.0.0 Jun 30, 2023". 30 June 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
- ^ "WhatsApp apk mirror repo". 17 August 2024. Retrieved 17 August 2024.
- ^ "WhatsApp". WhatsApp.com.
- ^ "Reuters".
- ^ "iOS: Version History 23.19.0; Sep 20, 2023". 13 August 2024. Retrieved 17 August 2024.
- ^ "WhatsApp Messenger on the App Store". 13 August 2024. Retrieved 17 August 2024.
- ^ "WhatsApp Win Uptodown Repo". 17 August 2024. Retrieved 17 August 2024.
- ^ "Release v4.3.5 · wireapp/wire-android-reloaded · GitHub".
- ^ "Release 3.110.1 · wireapp/wire-ios · GitHub".
- ^ "Release 3.31.3060 - Linux".
- ^ "Release 3.31.4556 - macOS".
- ^ "Release 3.31.4421 - Windows".
- ^ "Release 2023-07-13-production.0".
- ^ "How to Use Google Messages on Linux". MUO. 20 February 2022. Archived from the original on 21 February 2022. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
- ^ "LINE". Chrome Web Store. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
- ^ "How to Install Facebook Messenger 'Caprine' in Ubuntu 18.04". UbuntuHandbook. 7 March 2019. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
- ^ "How to Install WeChat Desktop Client in Ubuntu Linux". It's FOSS. 22 June 2020. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
- ^ "Nativefier". GitHub. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
- ^ "How to Install and Use WhatsApp Desktop Client in Linux". It's FOSS. 15 June 2020. Archived from the original on 5 March 2021. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
- ^ "WhatSie - WhatsApp for Linux". Snapcraft. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
- ^ "WhatsApp". ArchWiki. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
- ^ "End-to-end encryption (E2EE) | Collaboration and messaging".
- ^ "Turn on chat features in Messages - Messages Help".
- ^ "ICQ Is Back, and There Are 11 Things You Should Know About It by Dimitry O. Photo". 22 August 2017.
- ^ Ciobica, Vladimir (26 May 2021). "Signal Desktop". Softpedia. Retrieved 29 May 2021.
- ^ Youngren, Jan (19 January 2021). "Signal messaging app review 2021". VPNpro. Retrieved 29 May 2021.
- ^ a b Collective, Tech Learning (29 October 2019). "This little-known trick lets you use Signal without giving out your phone number". Tech Learning Collective.
- ^ "Signal · GitHub". GitHub. 26 February 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2014.
- ^ Witman, Emma (22 January 2021). "How to make a Telegram account and start using the popular group chatting app". Business Insider. Retrieved 29 May 2021.
- ^ "Login and SMS - Telegram FAQ".
- ^ "Q: How are secret chats different? - Telegram FAQ". Telegram. Retrieved 2023-06-26.
- ^ a b "Q: What is Telegram? What do I do here? - Telegram FAQ". Telegram. Retrieved 2023-06-26.
- ^ "How to sign up for a QQ account in 2021? (For PUBG, Game for Peace or Honor of Kings)". 29 February 2020.
- ^ "Latest Guide: How to Register a QQ International Account For PUBG, Avena of Valors and Quick Login to other Chinese Apps". 28 April 2019.
- ^ "Comparison of Popular Messenger Services – Threema".
- ^ "Wire Product Features". Retrieved 13 July 2023.
- ^ "Wire server code now 100% open source – the journey continues". Medium. Wire Swiss GmbH. 19 September 2017. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
- ^ "Jami". Jami. 9 August 2019.
- ^ https://support.signal.org/hc/en-us/articles/360007059792-Signal-PIN.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - ^ a b "Why don't you disable screen capture? – Wickr Inc". Archived from the original on 2017-10-01.
- ^ "7bb77aa65771c36f709e14d593dc8e0d88e16ddd - jami-client-android - Gitiles". review.jami.net.
- ^ https://support.signal.org/hc/en-us/articles/360043469312-Screen-Security.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - ^ "Telegram FAQ". Telegram.
- ^ Says, جلوگیری از اسکرین شات در تلگرام چگونه است؟-تکست روزانه (24 February 2022). "How To Prevent People From Screenshotting Your Telegram Chat". Gadgets Africa.
- ^ The Importance of Message Threads in Team Messaging Apps
- ^ Briar User Manual
- ^ Discord Threads FAQ
- ^ Discord I Want To Leave A Thread
- ^ Introducing Threads in Beta!
- ^ Learn how to manage a space with in-line threading
- ^ "New Google Chat features: smart compose, message editing and more". 30 June 2023.
- ^ a b c "FAQ — Jami documentation". docs.jami.net.
- ^ Organize conversations using Collapsed Reply Threads
- ^ Facebook Messenger gets threaded replies
- ^ Movim: a decentralized open-source XMPP-based messaging and social platform
- ^ Retroshare » Docs » User Guide » Interface
- ^ "Delete messages, alerts, or chats – Signal Support".
- ^ "Set and manage disappearing messages – Signal Support".
- ^ Use threads to organize discussions
- ^ How to Unfollow Thread in Slack?
- ^ Bugs and Suggestions » Threads
- ^ Comparison of Communication Tools for Companies
- ^ "Safe and tidy with Timed Messages". Wire Swiss. 25 October 2016. Retrieved 25 October 2016.
- ^ "Gajimfaq · Wiki · gajim / Gajim". 16 April 2023.
- ^ Shin, Ki Bin (12 August 2016). "The next step for even safer messaging: Letter Sealing". Line Corporation. Archived from the original on 2 October 2016. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
- ^ "Signal and Encryption at rest". SignalCommunity. 12 February 2018. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
- ^ "Telegram App Store Secret-Chat Messages in Plain-Text Database". 23 February 2015. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f https://support.signal.org/hc/en-us/articles/360007059752-Backup-and-Restore-Messages.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - ^ a b "Product design decisions for secure messengers - by Wire - Medium". 31 May 2017.
- ^ "Discord on Twitter: "Yup, you can be logged into as many devices at the same time..." / Twitter".
- ^ a b c d e "Top 5 Messenger Apps Supporting Multi-Device Support Feature - Mirror Review". 10 August 2020.
- ^ "Boost Your Account and Support Us with Discord Nitro". Discord. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
- ^ "Now in Nitro: Bring Your Vibe to Discord with New Themes". Discord. Retrieved 2 April 2024.
- ^ "The Element messenger (and the Matrix standard) - Linux Kamarada". 20 May 2021.
- ^ "Use classic Hangouts on all your devices - Google Workspace Admin Help".
- ^ "Use Google Chat in Gmail - Computer - Google Chat Help".
- ^ "Check your messages on your computer or Android tablet - Messages Help". Google Support. Retrieved November 19, 2021.
- ^ "» A whole new ICQ awaits you on iOS". 13 January 2021.
- ^ "Features of Jami Clients". 11 January 2024.
- ^ "Help - Kaokao". Archived from the original on 2017-02-08.
- ^ "General - Kaokao".
- ^ "Kik FAQs – Kik".
- ^ "Help center - LINE".
- ^ "Access your messages on all your Apple devices - Apple Support".
- ^ "A Guide on How to Use Facebook Secret Conversations". 24 October 2019.
- ^ "Troubleshooting multiple devices – Signal Support".
- ^ "Can I sync my Skype instant messages across devices? - Skype Support".
- ^ "Snapchat Support on Twitter: "The Snapchat app does not currently allow multiple users to log into one shared account. Similarly, the Snapchat app cannot run on multiple devices at once, so each time you log in to a device, it will log you out of the other device." / Twitter".
- ^ "Telegram — Feature rich messaging - by Sumit Grover - Medium". 29 May 2016.
- ^ "Q: Which devices can I use? - Telegram FAQ".
- ^ "Opening QQ login protection is still stolen -- a comprehensive analysis of QQ security mechanism".
- ^ "Support – Threema - Desktop/Web".
- ^ "Set Up Viber on Your Tablet or iPad - Viber Support Knowledge Base".
- ^ "I'm prompted of already logging in to another device. - WeChat Help Centre".
- ^ "About linked devices - WhatsApp Help Center".
- ^ "Can I use Wire on multiple devices, for example on the phone and laptop? – Wire – Support".