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Nyitra County

Coordinates: 48°19′N 18°5′E / 48.317°N 18.083°E / 48.317; 18.083
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Nyitra County
Nyitra vármegye (Hungarian)
Comitatus Nitriensis (Latin)
Komitat Neutra (German)
Nitrianska župa (Slovak)
County of the Kingdom of Hungary
(11th-century-1850, 1860-1920)
Coat of arms of Nyitra
Coat of arms

CapitalNyitra
Area
 • Coordinates48°19′N 18°5′E / 48.317°N 18.083°E / 48.317; 18.083
 
• 1910
5,519 km2 (2,131 sq mi)
Population 
• 1910
457,455
History 
• Established
11th century
• Disestablished
1850
• County recreated
1860
• Treaty of Trianon
4 June 1920
Today part ofSlovakia
Nitra is the current name of the capital.

Nyitra County (Hungarian: Nyitra vármegye; German: Neutraer Gespanschaft/Komitat Neutra; Latin: Comitatus Nitriensis; Slovak: Nitriansky komitát / Nitrianska stolica / Nitrianska župa) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory lay in what is now western Slovakia.

Geography

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Map of Nyitra county in the Kingdom of Hungary (1891)
Map of Nyitra, 1891.
Former county of Nyitra superimposed on map of contemporary Slovakia.

Nyitra County shared borders with the Austrian land Moravia and Trencsén County, Turóc County, Bars County, Komárom County and Pozsony County. In its final phase, it was a strip of land between the Morava river in the north and the town of Érsekújvár (present-day Nové Zámky) in the south, plus an outlier around the town of Privigye (present-day Prievidza). The river Vág (present-day Váh) flowed through the county. Its area was 5519 km2 around 1910.

Capitals

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The capital of the county was the Nitra Castle (Hungarian: Nyitrai vár) and since the Late Middle Ages the town of Nyitra (present-day Nitra).

History

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A predecessor to Nyitra county may have existed as early as in the 9th century at the time of Great Moravia. Around 1000, Nyitra county arose as one of the first comitatus of the Kingdom of Hungary. The southern part, including the town Nyitra, was ruled as Uyvar Province between 1663 and 1685 by Ottoman Empire. The county shortly ceased to exist as a separate administrative unit between 1850 and 1860, when it was split into Upper Nyitra County (including Bán district from Trencsén County) and Lower Nyitra County (including Oszlány district from Bars County).

After World War I, Nyitra county became part of newly formed Czechoslovakia. Nitra county (Nitrianska župa) continued to exist within its original borders until 1923, when it was replaced by so-called "Nitra Great County", officially The County XIV. (Nitrianska). In 1928, Nitra County was abolished like all other counties in Slovakia. During the First Slovak Republic the county was shortly restored (1940-1945), however without southern parts became part of Hungary in November 1938, as a result of the First Vienna Award.

Demographics

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Ethnic map of the county with data of the 1910 census (see the key in the description).
Population by mother tongue[a]
Census Total Slovak Hungarian German Other or unknown
1880[1] 370,099 263,409 (73.91%) 54,294 (15.23%) 36,503 (10.24%) 2,174 (0.61%)
1890[2] 396,559 288,811 (72.83%) 69,498 (17.53%) 35,893 (9.05%) 2,357 (0.59%)
1900[3] 428,296 312,601 (72.99%) 80,962 (18.90%) 32,370 (7.56%) 2,363 (0.55%)
1910[4] 457,455 324,664 (70.97%) 100,324 (21.93%) 27,937 (6.11%) 4,530 (0.99%)
Population by religion[b]
Census Total Roman Catholic Lutheran Jewish Calvinist Other or unknown
1880 370,099 282,583 (76.35%) 52,273 (14.12%) 28,414 (7.68%) 6,668 (1.80%) 161 (0.04%)
1890 396,559 307,168 (77.46%) 54,703 (13.79%) 27,244 (6.87%) 7,339 (1.85%) 105 (0.03%)
1900 428,296 337,905 (78.90%) 57,203 (13.36%) 24,935 (5.82%) 8,035 (1.88%) 218 (0.05%)
1910 457,455 369,225 (80.71%) 56,676 (12.39%) 22,942 (5.02%) 8,238 (1.80%) 374 (0.08%)

Subdivisions

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In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Nyitra county were:

Districts (járás)
District Capital
  Érsekújvár Nagysurány (now Šurany)
  Galgóc Galgóc (now Hlohovec)
  Miava Miava (now Myjava)
  Nagytapolcsány Nagytapolcsány (now Topoľčany)
  Nyitra Nyitra (now Nitra)
  Nyitrazsámbokrét Nyitrazsámbokrét (now Žabokreky nad Nitrou)
  Pöstyén Pöstyén (now Piešťany)
  Privigye Privigye (now Prievidza)
  Szakolca Holics (now Holíč)
  Szenice Szenice (now Senica)
  Vágsellye Tornóc (now Trnovec nad Váhom)
  Vágújhely Vágújhely (now Nové Mesto nad Váhom)
  Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város)
Érsekújvár (now Nové Zámky)
Nyitra (now Nitra)
Szakolca (now Skalica)

Notes

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  1. ^ Only linguistic communities > 1% are displayed.
  2. ^ Only religious communities > 1% are displayed.

References

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  1. ^ "Az 1881. év elején végrehajtott népszámlálás főbb eredményei megyék és községek szerint rendezve, II. kötet (1882)". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved 28 September 2021.
  2. ^ "A Magyar Korona országainak helységnévtára (1892)". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
  3. ^ "A MAGYAR KORONA ORSZÁGAINAK 1900". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
  4. ^ "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 29 September 2021.