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Gyöngyös

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Gyöngyös
Town
Saint Bartholomew Church
Saint Bartholomew Church
Flag of Gyöngyös
Flag
Coat of arms of Gyöngyös
Coat of arms
Gyöngyös is located in Hungary
Gyöngyös
Gyöngyös
Location in Hungary
Coordinates: 47°47′07″N 19°55′32″E / 47.78528°N 19.92556°E / 47.78528; 19.92556
Country Hungary
CountyHeves
DistrictGyöngyös
First mentioned1299
Government
 • MayorGyörgy Hiesz (MSZP)
Area
 • Total54.69 km2 (21.12 sq mi)
Population
 (2022)
 • Total27,957
 • Density510/km2 (1,300/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
3200, 3221, 3232, 3233
Area code37
Websitewww.gyongyos.hu

Gyöngyös is a town in Heves County, Hungary, beside of the Gyöngyös creek, under the Mátra mountain ranges. As of 2022 census, it has a population of 27,957 (see Demographics). The town is terminus of the (Nr. 85) Vámosgyörk–Gyöngyös railway line and the main road 3 lead across the town. The M3 motorway is 8.4 km far from Gyöngyös. The town have a train station and a stop on the standard gauge railway line and two narrow gauge railways also start from here to the mountains for tourist purposes.

History[edit]

It is the home of numerous food production plants, including milk production and sausage factories. It is also the home of many vineyards on the slopes of the Sárhegy. The Art-Nouveau and Baroque buildings around the main square were reconstructed after a disastrous fire started in the local hospital in 1917,[1] destroying a number of buildings housing important Jewish institutions and leaving in all around 8,000 homeless.[2] The meaning of the town's name is "Made of Pearls"; Croats from Hungary call this city Đunđuš (Serbo-Croatian pronunciation: [ˈdʑûndʑuʃ]). The 16/17th-century historian Miklós Istvánffy wrote that the name of the town comes from the Hungarian word for mistletoe (fagyöngy literally "wood-pearl"), which is abundant in the local woods. Gyöngyös was home to a large Jewish community before World War II. In 1942, anti-Jewish laws were adopted in the province, affecting the Jews of the town.[3] Following the occupation of Hungary by the German army in March 1944, 1800 Jews were locked in a ghetto. Some were saved by Hungarian Righteous Among the Nations personnel but most of them were deported to Auschwitz where they were murdered.[4] There are many monuments and places of interest in the town, such as the Orczy mansion, home of the Mátra Museum, Saint Bartholomew's Church (Saint Bartholomew Church, Gyöngyös, Hungary) in the center of town, and its Treasury.

Demographics[edit]

According the 2022 census, 88.3% of the population were of Hungarian ethnicity, 2.9% were Gypsies, 0.7% were Ukrainians, and 10.9% were did not wish to answer. The religious distribution was as follows: 34.7% Roman Catholic, 3.4% Calvinist, 14.2% non-denominational, and 43.9% did not wish to answer. The Gypsies and the Ruthenians have a local nationality government. 844 people live in Mátrafüred, 80 live in Mátraháza and 14 live in Kékestető other inner areas, furthermore 56 people live in 6 other outskirts.[5]

Population by years:[6]

Year 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1941
Population 16,622 16,843 16,950 17,301 19,422 19,647 21,213 24,053
Year 1949 1960 1970 1980 1990 2001 2011 2022
Population 21,969 28,573 30,306 36,282 36,404 32,975 30,728 27,957

Politics[edit]

Mayors since 1990:

Notable people[edit]

Politics[edit]

  • Gábor Vona (born 1978), politician, leader of the political party Jobbik
  • Gábor Fodor (born 1962), jurist, politician, leader of the Hungarian Liberal Party
  • Pál Almásy (1818–1882), lawyer, politician, Speaker of the House of Representatives (1849)
  • Károly Kamermayer (1829–1897), jurist, councillor, the first mayor of Budapest (1873–1896)
  • József Balázs (born 1965), politician
  • Gabor Horváth, (born 1963) brigadier general, army carrier officer, promoter of NATO and EU membership, commander

Sports[edit]

Twin towns – sister cities[edit]

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Hungary

Gyöngyös is twinned with:[15]

Gallery[edit]

  • Aerial photograph of the water tower, built in 1927.
    Aerial photograph of the water tower, built in 1927.
  • Orczy palace of Orczy family
    Orczy palace of Orczy family
  • Gyöngyös 1938
    Gyöngyös 1938

References[edit]

  1. ^ Charles Hebbert; Norm Longley; Dan Richardson (2002). Hungary (Rough Guide Travel Guides). Rough Guides Ltd. p. 323. ISBN 1-85828-917-3.
  2. ^ Adrian Phillips, Jo Scotchmer (2010). Bradt Travel Guides. Hungary. p. 222. ISBN 978-1-84162-285-9.
  3. ^ "Horváth Kálmán". The Righteous Among the Nations Database. Retrieved 2020-12-18.
  4. ^ "המכון הבין-לאומי לחקר השואה – יד ושם". www.yadvashem.org (in Hebrew).
  5. ^ "Gyöngyös". ksh.hu. Hungarian Central Statistical Office. Retrieved 12 July 2024.
  6. ^ "Population number, population density". Hungarian Central Statistical Office. Retrieved 2024-02-22.
  7. ^ "Gyöngyös settlement election results" (txt) (in Hungarian). National Election Office. Retrieved 2024-07-12.
  8. ^ "Gyöngyös settlement election results" (in Hungarian). National Election Office. Retrieved 2024-07-12.
  9. ^ "Gyöngyös settlement election results" (in Hungarian). National Election Office. Retrieved 2024-07-12.
  10. ^ "Gyöngyös settlement election results" (in Hungarian). National Election Office. Retrieved 2024-07-12.
  11. ^ "Gyöngyös settlement election results" (in Hungarian). National Election Office. Retrieved 2024-07-12.
  12. ^ "Gyöngyös settlement election results" (in Hungarian). National Election Office. Retrieved 2024-07-12.
  13. ^ "Gyöngyös settlement election results" (in Hungarian). National Election Office. Retrieved 2024-07-12.
  14. ^ "Gyöngyös settlement election results" (in Hungarian). National Election Office. Retrieved 2024-07-12.
  15. ^ "Gyöngyös testvérvárosai" (in Hungarian). Gyöngyös. Retrieved 2021-09-21.

External links[edit]

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